tubing....

Tubing (also known as inner tubing or even tooobing) is a recreational activity of riding an inner tube, either on water, snow, or through the air. The tubes, themselves, are also known as "donuts" or "biscuits" due to their shape.

Water

Tubing on water generally consists of two forms: towed and free-floating, also known as river tubing.

Towed tubing usually takes place on a large body of water such as a lake or river. One or more tube riders (often called "tubers") tether their tubes to a powered watercraft such as a motor boat or a personal watercraft. The riders are then towed through the water by the watercraft.

In free-floating tubing, the tube riders are untethered and often conveyed by the current of a waterway. Texas and much of the southern U.S.A. have adopted the spelling of 'toobing' and 'toobers'. Tubers paddle with their hands and often used webbed gloves to steer. Tubes can be outfitted with tube covers or 'skins'. These covers are canvas, and cover the bottom of the tube, the sides, and have a skirt that covers the inner diameter, while leaving room for the tuber to sit. Covers can be altered with pockets, can holders and have handles for the tuber to hold on to. It is strongly discouraged to tie anything to the tube or use ropes of anykind as a tuber can get bound or wrapped in them and potentially drown. As in all watersports tubers should wear appropriate safety gear such as life vests,protective water shoes such as Keens, and helmets. Whitewater tubing can be fun and exhilarating, the size of the tube allows a tuber to ride the river in an unencumbered manner not found in rafting or kayaking. Tubers can employ the use of such items as dry boxes and mesh bags to carry small personal items and pack out trash, cans and bottles from their trip.

Popular riverside tube rentals normally warn against glass due to riverside dangers. Some law enforcement offices have prohibited kegs which were popularly chilled in metal tubs harnessed within larger tubes.

Major water parks often have specially designed courses for tubing. These may consist of a circular, artificial river on which riders are conveyed or a linear course such as a water slide.

share experience...

SURVIVAL TIME AT EXPOSE DE SCENE
-perjalanan pergi....
aktiviti survival nie adelah 2nd actvty yg group ktorg wt lpas navigation..ktorg pkul 12 tghari...sgt panas...mse nie la aku terpkir kt padang mahsyar nt lg terok...hurm...tp second day kn..still bertenage....hehehe...pjlnan amek mse dlm 2 jam aku rase...xpasan la..agak2 jer...tp mmg lame la..dah la jam xde..tgah jln 2 tuhan jer la yg taw betape pnsnyer.....tgh2 jln 2 ktorg kene rendam...tp cpat jer kering sbb pnas sgt...
-dah smpai...
ktorg adalh antare group yg terawal smpai kt utan 2....pjlanan nk masok dlm utan 2 sgt la berliku...tapak kemah ktorg dkat ngn sumber air...so,,xjd masalah sgt utk masak n buang air...hehehe....tp.....ktorg terkejot sgt2 sbb tapak kemah ktorg teruk sgt...so,,ktorg tebang n tebang n tebang n modified smpai la jd rate....dah la sarang semut kt c2....sabar jer la...ktorg dbekalkn dgn 1 flysheet...beras 1 beg plastik kecik..kentang 2 biji..bskut bpe keping ntah..tepung,garam n serbuk teh cket...ha 2 jer...
-menjelang petang...
alhamdulillah...kemah pon da ciap...ktorg rehat n tdo berbumbungkn flysheet n beralaskn buluh....group aku sgt la berkejasame...group 2 taw...syg korg semue...hehe..aku incharge bhagian msak...n smue hdangan da ciap n ktorg tggu mase jer nk mkn..nasi berlaukkn kentang masak air...best gak la mkn sbb tgh lapar kn...
tp yg cdeynyer aku dpt mkn 2 suap jer nasi...sbb xckup..xpe la..bekorban demi kwn2...hehehehe...kayu api pon ktorg dpt cari sblom mlm menjelma...
-menjelang mlm....
sblom mlm mnjelma aku da masak tepung yg dsediakn...wt roti belit.....best la jugak..bese l;a dlm utan...dak2 laki group aku de yg berushe cari mknn tmbahan tp gagal...tgkap ikn pon xjd gak...xpe la..da xde rezki...
ha...mlm nie adelah giliran pompuan yg jd sentri...lelaki ktorg bagi dorg tdo dlu sbb nk bg dorg berjage tgh mlm kang n bg dorg rest sbb penat cari kayu api..
-tgh mlm...
ha..time ni mse dak2 pmpuan tgh jd sentri,,fasilitator dtg taw....tkjot gak ktorg..tp wt cool jer...hehehe...kemah ktorg dorg putuskn....tp yg bestnyer ktorg dpat aym 2 ketul kecik...wlaupon xckup tp kami bersyukur...hehehe...then,,pe lg panggang la..hehehe...best...huhu..
-da suboh.....
ktorg bergerak balik...srapan pagi 2 ktorg dpt serbuk2 bskut jer..tp sbb lapar sgt ktorg mkn jer....serbuk pon serbuk la...hik2...alhmdulillah ktorg slamat smpai n berite gembirenyer adalah group aku dapat group terbaek!!!bangge gler...hehehe.....tq group 2...love u all n aku xkn lupe kn korang.....


.

orienteering....

Orienteering is a family of sports that requires navigational skills using a map and compass to navigate from point to point in diverse and usually unfamiliar terrain. Participants are given a map, usually a specially prepared orienteering map, which they use to find control points. Originally a training exercise in land navigation for military officers, orienteering has developed many variations. Among these, the oldest and the most popular is foot orienteering. For the purposes of this article, foot orienteering serves as a point of departure for discussion of all other variations, but basically any sport that involves racing against a clock and requires navigation using a map is a type of orienteering. Orienteering is included in the programs of world sporting events including the World Games.

history of orienteering..
Orienteering began in Scandinavia in the nineteenth century. It was primarily a military event and was part of military training. It was not until 1919 that the modern version of orienteering was born in Sweden as a competitive sport. Ernst Killander, its creator, can be rightfully called the father of orienteering. In the early thirties, the sport received a technical boost with the invention of a new compass, more precise and faster to use. The Kjellstrom brothers, Bjorn and Alvan, and their friend, Brunnar Tillander, were responsible for this new compass. They were among the best Swedish orienteers of the thirties, with several individual championships among them. Orienteering was brought into the US in 1946 by Bjorn Kjellstrom.

Orienteering Techniques...
The orienteer should try not to use the compass to orient the map. The terrain association technique is recommended instead. The orienteer should learn the following techniques:
a.   Pacing. One of the basic skills that the orienteer should develop early is how to keep track of distance traveled while walking and running. This is done on a 100-meter pace course.
When the control point is marked on the map as well as on the ground, the description of that point is prefaced by the definite article the; for example, the pond.

control points guidelines..
When the control point is marked on the ground but is not shown on the map, then the description of the point is prefaced by the indefinite article a; for example, a trail junction. In this case, care must be taken to ensure that no similar control exists within at least 25 meters. If it does, then either the control must not be used or it must be specified by a directional note in parentheses; for example, a depression (northern).

abseiling....

last 2 week clas outdoor adalh wt abseiling...sronok wlaupon pnas terik...mule2 cm takot...tp okey la...sbb xla tggi sgt...njoy la wt xtvt nie...

survival

ape itu survival..??
maksudnyer 'the will to live',to 'outlive','state of continuing life'. dari segi istilah mlayu plak 'ikhtiar hidop'...
so,,srvival bmksod keupayaan atau keadaan sesuatu itu untuk terus hidup..dalam konteks kegiatan luar,ikhtiar idop brmaksod usaha atau ikhtiar yg harus dilakukan oleh seseorang itu supaya dia terus hidop ketika mghadapi sesuatu ancman atau masalah yg harus diatasi melalui usha2 yg mampu dlakukan oleh seseorang..
tindakan survival
s- size up the situation
u- use all your sense
r- remember where you are
v- vanquish fear n panic
i- improvise
v- value living
a- act like native
l- live by your wits
kepentingan survival
hal ini kerana kegiatyan luar terdedah kepada pelbagai cabaran n risiko..ikhtiar hidop dpt dijadikan satu ilmu bagi mjamin kslamatan org yg terlibat dlm kegiatan ini.
prinsip2 ikhtiar hidop
1. safety
2. effort
3. self control
4. teamwork

suke suki camping xpose de scene...

HITAM PUTIH KEHIDUPAN....

lihatlah sekitar alam....
dunia luas terbentang...
langit tinggi kebiruan...
pohon2 kehijauan....
hembusan bayu yg mnyegarkan........
dengarkan di sana sini....
beburung riang menyanyi..
berbunga aneka warna...
sumber kedamaian kita.....
mensyukuri nikmat maha esa....
begitu beharga kehidupan ini...
bagi mereka yg tahu menghargai......
mengapa terdorong oleh perasaan...
kalau turutkan hati diri mjadi korban....
tiada yg dpt lari...
dari masalah diri..
hadapilah dgn tenang...
tiap cbaran yg dtg...
atasinya dgn keimanan...

expose de scene....mcm2 experience yg ktorg dpt spnjang camp nie....antare xtvt yg ktorg wt:
-survival
-navigation
-tubing
-caving
-camp craft
best la....sronok sgt wlaupun pnat....

kayak

history of kayak....
bk...
-as transportation for eskimom (inuit)
-Father of kayak  (John MacGregor)
-1865-MacGregor invented kayak  as " Rob Roy"
-1866-kayak finally being introduced in Olympic, Berlin 
-erly 60's,many types of skill were introduced such as kayak polo, surfing and rodeo
history of kayak....

 kayaks were originally developed by indigenous Arctic people, who used the boats to hunt on inland lakes, rivers and coastal waters of the Arctic Ocean, North Atlantic, Bering Sea and North Pacific oceans. These first kayaks were constructed from stitched animal seal or other skins stretched over a wooden frame (made from driftwood, since many of their habitats were treeless). Kayaks are at least 4,000 years old. The oldest existing kayaks are exhibited in the North America department of the State Museum of Ethnology in Munich.

Native people made many types of boat for different purposes. The baidarka, developed by indigenous cultures in Alaska, was also made in double or triple cockpit designs, for hunting and transporting passengers or goods. An umiak is a large open sea canoe, ranging from 17 to 30 feet (5.2 to 9.1 m), made with seal skins and wood. It was originally paddled with single-bladed paddles and typically had more than one paddler.


Native builders designed and built their boats employing their experience in combination with knowledge orally–transmitted traditions. The word "kayak" means "man's boat" or "hunter's boat", and native kayaks were a personal craft, each built by the man who used it (with assistance from his wife, who sewed the skins) closely fitting his size for maximum maneuverability. A special skin jacket, Tuilik, was then laced to the kayak, creating a waterproof seal. This enabled theeskimo roll to become the preferred method of regaining posture after turning upside down (kayakers consider "capsize" to refer to separation of paddler and vessel) especially as few Eskimos could swim; their waters are too cold for a swimmer to survive for long.


The modern version of a tuilik is a spraydeck made of waterproof synthetic material stretchy enough to fit tightly around the cockpit rim and body of the kayaker, which can be released rapidly from the cockpit to permit easy exit.


The builder used found materials to create a kayak measured to his own body. For example: the length was typically three times the span of his outstretched arms. The width at the cockpit was the width of the builder's hips plus two fists (and sometimes less). The typical depth was his fist plus the outstretched thumb (hitch hiker). Thus typical dimensions were about 17 feet (5.2 m) long by 20–22 inches (51–56 cm) wide by 7 inches (18 cm) deep. This measurement system confounded early European explorers who tried to duplicate the kayak because each kayak was a little different.


Traditional kayaks encompass three types of boat: Baidarkas, from the Alaskan & Aleutian seas, the oldest design, whose rounded shape and numerous chines give them an almost Blimp-like appearance; West Greenland kayaks, with fewer chines and a more angular shape, with gunwales rising to a point at the bow and stern; and East Greenland kayaks that appear similar to the West Greenland style, but often fit more snugly to the paddler and possess a steeper angle between gunwale and stem which lend maneuverability.


Most of the Eskimo peoples from the Aleutian Islands eastward to Greenland relied on the kayak for hunting a variety of prey — primarily seals, though whales and caribou were important in some areas. Skin on frame kayaks are still being used for hunting by Inuit people in Greenland. In other parts of the world homebuilders are continuing the tradition of skin on frame kayaks albeit with modern skins of canvas or synthetic fabric.


Contemporary kayaks trace their origins primarily to the native boats of Alaska, northern Canada, and Southwest Greenland. Wooden kayaks and fabric kayaks on wooden frames (such as the Klepper) dominated the market up until the 1950s, when fiberglass boats were first introduced. Rotomolded plastic kayaks first appeared in 1973. The development of plastickayaks arguably initiated the development of freestyle kayaking as we see it today, since plastic boats could be made smaller, stronger and more resilient than those made of other materials.